工廠、貿(mào)易公司、跨境電商，到底哪個更香？What Kind of Foreign Trade Company Is Better

藍海億觀網(wǎng)2020年06月07日 226

“有一些話題永遠不會過時，例如今天要說的：“工廠、貿(mào)易公司、跨境電商，哪個類型的外貿(mào)公司更好？”Some topics will never ”

有一些話題永遠不會過時，例如今天要說的：“工廠、貿(mào)易公司、跨境電商，哪個類型的外貿(mào)公司更好？”

Some topics will never be out of date, such as: "factory, trading company, cross-border e-commerce, which type of foreign trade company is better?"

或者換個問法：“工廠、貿(mào)易公司、跨境電商，這三類外貿(mào)公司，選擇一個的話，你會選哪個？”

Or another way to ask: "factory, trading company, cross-border e-commerce, which of these three types of foreign trade companies would you choose?"

這個問題通常是見仁見智，因為每個人的出發(fā)點不一樣，立場也都不一樣。

The question is usually a matter of opinion, as everyone starts from a different position.

但不管你是一個工作數(shù)年的外貿(mào)老人，還是一個工作不足兩年的外貿(mào)新人，看到這樣的問題，如果你回答不上來，那就說明你可能真的不知道或者是沒經(jīng)歷過。

But whether you are a senior foreign trade personnel who has worked for many years, or a new foreign trade personnel who has worked for less than two years, if you can't answer this question, it means that you may not know or have never experienced it.

不過沒關(guān)系，這篇文章將直接告訴你答案。

But it doesn't matter. This article will tell you the answer directly.

工廠如何

How about the factory

在回答這個問題之前，你至少應(yīng)該知道，工廠、貿(mào)易公司和跨境電商他們是怎樣的。

Before answering this question, you should at least know what factories, trading companies and cross-border e-commerce are.

籠統(tǒng)地說，工廠就是生產(chǎn)的源頭，最直接的產(chǎn)品出生地。

Generally speaking, the factory is the source of production, the most direct place of production.

但若具體來說，工廠也有很多種，主要可以分為兩種：純搞生產(chǎn)的工廠（偏向于內(nèi)貿(mào)），工貿(mào)一體的工廠（偏向于外貿(mào)）。

But if specifically, there are many kinds of factories, which can be divided into two types: factories that only focus on production (prefer domestic trade), and factories that integrate industry and trade (prefer foreign trade).

毋庸置疑，我們外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)員肯定要選擇工貿(mào)一體的工廠，而不能選擇純搞生產(chǎn)的工廠。

There is no doubt that our foreign trade salesmen should choose the factory integrating industry and trade, not the factory only producing.

為什么呢？因為，這兩種工廠的經(jīng)營思維是天差地別的，純搞生產(chǎn)的工廠側(cè)重內(nèi)貿(mào)，思維也是內(nèi)貿(mào)思維，如果去了這樣的工廠，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)溝通起來很困難。

Why? Because the two kinds of factory's business thinking are very different. The pure production factory focuses on domestic trade, and that is also domestic trade thinking. If you go to this type of factory, you will find it difficult to communicate.

他們不明白：為什么客戶都說要下訂單了，然后又沒消息了？

They don't understand: why didn't the customer act after he said he was going to place an order?

他們不明白：為什么你總是經(jīng)常問報價？我不是報價給你了嗎？

Why do you always ask for quotations? Didn't I give you the offer?

他們不明白：為什么老是讓我測量精確的產(chǎn)品尺寸和重量？大概估算你不會嗎？

Why do I always have to measure accurate product size and weight? Can't you make a rough estimate?

他們不明白：為什么交期還沒到就來催貨？

Why do you rush before the delivery date?

他們不明白：為什么你們問題這么多？

Why do you have so many questions?

總之，你的正常溝通需求，他們卻對此有很多疑問，因為他們不知道內(nèi)貿(mào)和外貿(mào)的溝通方式是天壤之別。

In a word, they have a lot of questions about your normal communication and needs, because they don't know that the way of communication between domestic trade and foreign trade is quite different.

例如給客戶報價。

For example, giving quotations to the customer.

內(nèi)貿(mào)：客戶要報價，電話或者面談，很快就能敲定；

Domestic trade: it can be determined quickly by phone or interview;

外貿(mào)：給客戶報價，我要核對產(chǎn)品成本，要加多少利潤，如果是少量貨物，我要核算快遞費，如果是大批量貨物，就需要海運，那么我還需要算貨物用20尺柜還是40尺柜，還要算附加費等等。報價之后，也不會馬上得到客戶的反饋，我們要等客戶確認，客戶如果反應(yīng)價格高了，或者下單數(shù)量變了，或者認為運費高了，那一切又要推倒重來。

Foreign trade: I want to check the product cost and how much profit I want to add. If it's a small amount of goods, I need to check the express fee. If it's a large amount of goods, it needs to be shipped by sea. Then I need to calculate whether the goods use 20 Feet container or 40 Feet High Cube, and also calculate the surcharge, etc. After the quotation, we will not get the customer's feedback immediately, so we need to wait for the customer's confirmation. If the customer thinks the price is high, or the quantity of the order changes, or the freight is high, then all things should be done again.

所以我們會看到外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)中的一個“報價”動作，就要做很多工作，外貿(mào)工作的內(nèi)容比內(nèi)貿(mào)工作要更繁瑣，也要求更加縝密。

We can see that a "quotation" procedure in foreign trade business needs to do a lot of work. The content of foreign trade work is more complicated than that of domestic trade work, and the requirements are more meticulous.

所以，作為外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)員，若選了偏內(nèi)貿(mào)的工廠，就會更辛苦。

Therefore, as a foreign trade salesman, your work will be even harder if you choose a factory of domestic trade.

貿(mào)易公司如何

How about trading companies

貿(mào)易公司是什么樣的呢？簡單地說，就是沒有自家工廠，需要外購產(chǎn)品的外貿(mào)公司。

What is a trading company like? In short, it is a foreign trade company that does not have its own factory and needs to purchase products.

貿(mào)易公司可能有多家供應(yīng)商，相對于工廠來說，靈活性更強，但是價格沒有工廠那么有競爭力。

The trading company may have multiple suppliers, which are more flexible than the factory, but the price is not as competitive as the factory.

那么貿(mào)易公司也可以大致分為：初創(chuàng)的公司、壯大中的公司和成熟的公司。

Trading companies can be roughly divided into: start-up companies, developing companies and mature companies.

初創(chuàng)公司：公司的基礎(chǔ)流程和公司制度都在摸索期。進入這樣的公司，就是隨著公司一起成長，接觸到的東西會比較繁雜，困難比較多，比較鍛煉人。

Start-up company: the basic process and system of the company are in the exploratory period. To enter such a company is to grow up together with the company, and the things we come into contact with will be more complicated, more difficult, and more tests of a person's ability.

壯大中的公司：公司的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)置已經(jīng)基本完善，業(yè)務(wù)向上發(fā)展需要擴招人員。進入這樣的公司，起步會沒有那么艱難，但同時也會面臨很多新挑戰(zhàn)。

Growing company: the basic setting of the company has been basically improved, and the business development needs to expand the recruitment of personnel. Entering such a company will not be so difficult to start, but it will also face many new challenges.

成熟的公司：公司流程和公司制度都是已確定并且流暢的。進入這樣的公司，能在短期內(nèi)學(xué)到很多經(jīng)驗，但缺乏新的挑戰(zhàn)，在規(guī)定的框框里按部就班地工作，個人施展空間較小。

Mature company: the company's process and system have been determined. In such a company, you can learn a lot of experience in a short period of time, but there is no new challenge. You can only work follow the prescribed order, and the personal development space is relatively small.

以上哪個類型的貿(mào)易公司更好呢？那就看你現(xiàn)階段更偏向于哪種吧。

Which type of trading company is better? It depends on which one you prefer at this stage.

跨境電商公司如何

How about cross-border e-commerce companies

跨境電商是指通過電子商務(wù)平臺達成跨境交易、進行支付結(jié)算，并通過跨境物流送達商品、完成交易的一種國際商業(yè)活動。

Cross border e-commerce refers to cross-border transactions and payment settlement through e-commerce platform. An international business activity that delivers goods and completes transactions through cross-border logistics.

跨境電商其實相對于傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易來說的，那么傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易就是指沒有通過跨境電子商務(wù)平臺來進行國際商業(yè)活動的方式。

In fact, compared with cross-border e-commerce, traditional trade refers to the way of international business activities without cross-border e-commerce platform.

兩者最直接的區(qū)別就是：跨境電商用平臺交易（線上交易），傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易不用平臺（線下交易）。

The most direct difference between the two is that cross-border e-commerce uses platform transactions (online transactions), while traditional trade does not use platforms (offline transactions).

目前我們最常見到的B2B跨境平臺有阿里巴巴國際站、中國制造等；最常見到的B2C平臺有eBay、亞馬遜、速賣通等。

At present, the most common B2B cross-border platforms are Alibaba international station, Made-in-China, etc.; the most common B2C platforms are eBay, Amazon, Aliexpress, etc.

但其實，線上、線下并沒有非常明顯的站隊，許多B2B的跨境電商公司也一樣在做線下貿(mào)易，他們選擇的模式更多的是線上、線下相結(jié)合的方式。

But in fact, there is no obvious distinction between online and offline. Many B2B cross-border e-commerce companies are also doing offline trade, and they choose the mode of combination of online and offline.

只能說該公司更側(cè)重于線上還是線下？

It can only say that the company focuses more on online or offline?

如果側(cè)重線上，那就是我們常稱的“跨境電商公司”，如果側(cè)重于線下，那么我們多數(shù)稱為“貿(mào)易公司”。

If it focus on the online, we often call it "cross-border e-commerce company". If it focus on the offline, most of us call it "trading company".

另一種大眾的普遍認知是：做2C跨境平臺的就叫“跨境電商”。這也沒錯，因為做2C模式的公司只能通過線上平臺進行交易，2C相當于零售，沒有辦法走“線下批發(fā)”方式，和傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易截然不同。

Another popular recognition is that 2C cross-border platform is "cross border e-commerce". This is also true, because companies that do 2C mode can only trade through online platforms. 2C is quite different from the traditional trade, it is equivalent to retail, there is no way to take the "offline wholesale" approach.

那2C的跨境電商公司到底怎么樣呢？只能說做得不錯的公司，月進賬都很可觀，但需要深諳平臺運營的精髓。

What about 2C's cross-border e-commerce company? It can only be said that companies in good operating conditions have considerable monthly income, but they need to understand the essence of platform operation.

近幾年隨著跨境電商的發(fā)展，跨境電商運營人才也很受歡迎，因此許多跨境電商公司愿意高薪聘請運營人才。

In recent years, with the development of cross-border e-commerce, the talents in cross-border e-commerce operation are also very popular, so many cross-border e-commerce companies are willing to hire this type of talents with high salary.

據(jù)了解，在深圳具有3-5年經(jīng)驗的2C平臺的運營人才，基本薪資能達10000元以上，提成和獎金另算。

It is understood that the basic salary of 2C platform operation talents with 3-5 years of experience in Shenzhen can reach more than 10000 yuan, excluding commission and bonus.

就目前而言，2C平臺的運營人才依然是稀缺的，而2C跨境電商在外貿(mào)模式中的比重也將越來越大。

At present, the talent of 2C platform operation is still scarce, and the proportion of 2C cross-border e-commerce in foreign trade mode will be more and more large.

怎么選

How to choose

我們再通過一個表更直觀地體現(xiàn)工廠、貿(mào)易公司和跨境電商他們?nèi)咧g最直接的不同。

We use a table to more intuitively reflect the most direct differences among factories, trading companies and cross-border e-commerce.

傳統(tǒng)工廠：優(yōu)點是產(chǎn)品成本可控，價格也偏低，但是解決問題、協(xié)調(diào)能力比較弱，因為涉及到的流程比較固化，改動比較艱難，同時服務(wù)意識較差，更注重生產(chǎn)，易忽視客戶的需求表達。

Traditional factory: the advantage is that the product cost is controllable and the price is low, but the problem-solving and coordination ability is relatively weak, because the process involved is relatively stereotype and the change is difficult. At the same time, the service awareness is poor, more focus on production, easy to ignore customer demand expression.

傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易公司：優(yōu)點是靈活，出現(xiàn)問題可以在短時間內(nèi)調(diào)整、過渡，服務(wù)意識也比較強，但是價格與工廠相比，不占優(yōu)勢，而且售后服務(wù)速度偏慢，因為自己做不了決定，需要與工廠溝通協(xié)商。

Traditional trading companies: the advantages are flexibility, problems can be adjusted in a short time, service awareness is also strong, but the price is not dominant compared with the factory, and the after-sales service speed is slow. Unable to make decisions without authorization, need to communicate and negotiate with the factory.

跨境電商公司：優(yōu)點也是靈活多變，哪個產(chǎn)品好賣就可以賣哪個，不易受到市場約束，而且操作方式簡單，沒有傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易那般繁瑣，但是它過于依賴平臺，受到平臺規(guī)則的約束，自主操控的空間較小。

Cross border e-commerce companies: their advantages are also flexible and changeable. They can sell any product that is easy to sell. They are not easy to be constrained by the market. Moreover, they operate in a simple way, which is not as complicated as traditional trade. However, they are too dependent on the platform, constrained by the rules of the platform, and have less space for independent control.

這就是他們之間最直觀的“不同”。

This is the most intuitive "difference" between them.

看完以上的對比和分析，你發(fā)現(xiàn)了嗎？

Have you found out after reading the above comparison and analysis?

沒有十全十美的公司，都有優(yōu)缺點，所以我們只能選擇合適我們的、能幫助我們成長的。在選擇公司之前，要先對公司進行了解，知道它到底屬于哪一種模式？然后根據(jù)自己的喜好或現(xiàn)階段的職業(yè)需求，選擇一個合適自己的。

There is no perfect company. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, so we can only choose the one that is suitable for us and can help us grow. Before choosing a company, you should first understand the company and know what model it belongs to.Then according to their own preferences or current professional needs, choose a suitable one.

選公司就跟選對象一樣，合適才是最好，唯有喜歡，方能長久。 Choosing a company is just like choosing a mate. The one that suits you is the best. Only if you like it can be long.

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